The role of Nelson Mandela Research Paper Example

The role of Nelson Mandela Research Paper Example The role of Nelson Mandela Paper The role of Nelson Mandela Paper 1. Source A is a newspaper advert highlighting Mandelas imprisonment. It was paid for by the African National Congress (ANC) who were strong supporters of Mandela and the African civil rights movement. This means that it may have been biased in favour of the civil rights movement. The ANC wanted to show how badly mistreated the blacks in Africa were in order to gain support from many countries around the world and defeat apartheid. It was printed in 1988 when there was already quite a lot of support for the movement following the Free Mandela song and concert in 1984. This means that the ANC were probably also trying to reinforce the peoples view of apartheid and Mandelas imprisonment. The source is quite limited and although a primary source does not give any information on the suffering of the ordinary people at the time. Also it does not show how things were improving in South Africa. Without this information it is only showing one side of the argument and thus can make people have a biased view. It is most likely to be biased and unreliable, as there is no evidence to support the facts that are presented. We do however know that most of the facts presented are true from our studying of the history of apartheid and South Africa. With this knowledge we can say that the source is reliable from the facts represented but the language used to represent these facts is very charged and biased. 2. Source B is from a defence speech made by Nelson Mandela at his own trial 1963. He wanted to make a dramatic impact to create huge support for his cause. Firstly he explains why he took part in sabotage. During the speech and the whole trial he never denied responsibility for the attacks and this makes the source slightly less biased. However as it came from Mandela who was a leading figure in the rights movement it was very biased and unreliable. He only shows one side of the argument to present Apartheid in a bad light. It also is quite a limited source as it only gives Mandelas opinion on the subject and has no facts to back this up. At the end he shows that he is not an Uncle Tom by declaring that he is prepared to die for the cause. This shows that he was using the speech as propaganda as he knew that this would place him as leader of the civil rights movement and bring massive support. The source is useful as a study of Mandela himself but to a historian studying Apartheid it is not very useful at all. Source C is a table of figures concerning the living conditions of all races in South Africa. It was produced by the UN who are supposed to have a totally unbiased view on all relations but do however have a slight preference for democracy. This makes the source very reliable. The source also has a wide range of data ranging from the population to the average salary of both blacks and whites. It does however not show how the actual living conditions were in South Africa for the blacks. This makes the source slightly less useful but when studying the topic of apartheid it is much useful than Source B. 3. Source A is a newspaper advert highlighting Mandelas imprisonment. It was paid for by the African National Congress (ANC) who were strong supporters of Mandela and the African civil rights movement. This means that it may have been biased in favour of the civil rights movement. The ANC viewed themselves as a legitimate political group who had a valid call for power. They tried to shrug off all ideas of Nelson Mandela and the ANC as terrorists as this defeated their cause. For this reason they describe Mandela as a political prisoner in jail because of the colour of his skin. The advert also strikes at the government of South Africa and claims that it is outlawing democracy. They believed that Mandela was a figurehead of democracy and freedom. They wanted to show him and the movement in as good a light as possible. Source D is a short extract from a speech made by the South African Minister of Information. This title is rather like Josef Goebbels in Germany under Hitlers reign. He masterminded all of the propaganda, as does the South African Minister of Information. This makes the source extremely biased towards the whites. The writer of this speech would have wanted to show Mandela and the rights movement in a bad light to destroy its support. The government also wanted to deny the civil rights movement and its pursuit as a valid political choice. They took advantage of the acts of terrorism by Mandela and other blacks. This showed that the blacks were not at an equal level and that they were also not going about their pursuit the right way. If the government could portray Mandela as a terrorist they could remove a lot of the sympathy he had gained from all around the world. This is done by stating that Mandela is not in prison because of his politics but that he is guilty of a serious crime. This was quite a successful argument against Mandelas release and contrasted greatly to the information received from the ANC. Both of the groups had different reasons for supplying these reports and they contradict each other so that it is difficult to know who is telling the truth. 4. Source E is from a British newspaper, and is a cartoon drawn by a British cartoonist criticising Apartheid. It was drawn in 1964, which was very early in the African civil rights movement.

4 Fast-Growing Temp Jobs to Focus on Now

4 Fast-Growing Temp Jobs to Focus on Now If you’re like most people, salary may be the first thing that comes to mind when evaluating what makes a â€Å"good job.† However, according to recent research, more and more workers - both young and old alike - are now prioritizing a different factor when assessing a job’s potential: job security. In fact, 56 percent of younger workers and 59 percent of older workers preferred security to salary when asked to choose between two jobs. For most people, the concept of a temp job and the concept of job security aren’t necessarily congruent; however, a new breed of temp positions offer unprecedented job security. Formerly the domain of the unemployed and job searchers passing the time until a permanent job can be found, temp jobs are now a valuable tool for companies looking to keep pace with the latest trends and technologies in a dynamic market - and for employees looking to capitalize on new demand. Based on research from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statis tics, Forbes rounded up the list of 2015’s fastest growing temp jobs. Let’s take a look at four of the top picks.1. Home Health Care AideIn addition to helping seniors in need of assistance, home health care aides also help people with disabilities, chronic illnesses, and cognitive impairment. With millions of Baby Boomers hitting retirement every day and most suffering from multiple chronic conditions, it’s no surprise that there is a growing demand for healthcare professionals.Although they work in a variety of settings, ranging from private homes to large-scale communities, home health care aides are typically employed by certified home health and hospice agencies - both of which will be looking for qualified labor to fill vacancies. Between 2014 and 2019, the number of home health care aide temp jobs is predicted to rise by 15 percent.  2. Childcare WorkerAs the bulk of the Millennial generation - the first generation in American history to top the Boome rs in sheer numbers - enters its childbearing years, their offspring will need care. And while many have delayed having kids because of the challenging conditions under which they came of age (resulting in an oft-publicized â€Å"baby bust†), the time is drawing nigh when the delayers will take the leap. It’s no surprise, then, that temp positions for childcare workers are expected to jump by 14 percent over the next five years.3. Registered NurseThe buzz surrounding the imminent nursing shortage is well-founded: with up to three million Baby Boomers entering Medicare each year and the Affordable Care Act having already added eight million to the growing list of the insured, the demands on the healthcare industry will be significant, with registered nurses topping the list.Nurse staffing agencies will race to fill the void through a variety of temp nursing opportunities, including contract, travel and per diem positions. All in all, an average increase of 6,200 jobs - or 14 percent growth - is predicted over the next five years alone.Meanwhile, an alternate healthcare profession expects to experience almost equally meteoric growth: Pharmacy technicians.4. Computer Systems AnalystAs companies struggle to keep up with changing technologies while balancing their business initiatives, computer systems analysts are expected to play a vital role. These hybrid professionals offer a unique blend of information technology knowledge and business acumen, qualifying them not just to offer computer expertise, but to apply it within the context of a company’s overall objectives in order to improve efficiency and effectiveness.In addition to being in demand with a whopping 19 percent increase in anticipated jobs by 2019, computer system analysts are also well-compensated, thanks to a median salary of more than $81,000 in 2013. Temp workers with skills and experience in this field are well-positioned for ongoing success.Software developers and computer user support specialists are also expected to see growth in tech temp jobs over the next half-decade.

Membership makeup of this unions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Membership makeup of this unions - Essay Example Firstly, with regards to the demographic makeup of these unions, it must be understood that the German unions are almost exclusively made up of individuals that it been within the workforce for a period of time. As such, the average age group that is demonstrated by these individuals is necessarily higher than would be for entry-level employees; represented within the German system as an average age of 43. Comparatively, did the fact that unionization is requirement within the Chinese system, the average age is much lower at 37.5 years of age. It is of course necessary to note the key differential is economies is the fact that the German unionization system is voluntary; although heavily impacted by the extent to which government oversight integrates with economic development (Fitzenberger et al 148). Moreover, with respect to the Chinese system, the Communist party insists that any and all enterprise must necessarily be overseen by and ultimately managed by the state. Although a gre at degree of liberalization is taken place in recent years, the level and extent to which unionization has dropped in China is not indicative of a fully capitalist system. Similarly, with regards to the overall level of minority composition that is represented within these two systems, Germany has a minority representation within the unions of approximately 14%. This is somewhat interesting due to the fact that the minority population Germany only registers around 8%. With respect to the Chinese system, the dynamic is considerably different. Due to the fact that minorities make up only around 8% of the Chinese population, the reality of union representation is surprising. As a result of the fact that the Western regions of China represent the lion’s share of the minorities and due to the fact that these regions are on the whole un-industrialized, the level of union participation among minorities is approximately 2% (Wang 680). Likewise, with regards to the sexes and their ove rall representation within the unions, Germany represents a gender representation of males to females that is nearly 3:1. However, as has been previously discussed, the nature of government involvement within the unions of China means that a much larger precentage of participation by females is realized. Due to this fact, the level of participation among the female population within China is much higher and represents an overall dynamic around 1.5:1. Although it may be assumed that the ratio would be closer to 1:1, the fact of the matter is that no matter how industrialized the economy or the region, there continues to be a differential with regards to the total integration of the workforce based upon males and females. Moreover, with regards to the relatively lower level of female participation within the unions of Germany, this of course can be understood as a dynamic that is the result of the overall percentages of industrial workers that make up the broad majority of union membe rs. Due to the fact that these are traditionally male dominated jobs, the level of female participation within the unions of Germany are necessarily constrained. Work Cited Fitzenberger, Bernd, Karsten Kohn, and Wang Qingwei. "The Erosion Of Union Membership

Economic Value Of Tourism In London Dissertation

Economic Value Of Tourism In London - Dissertation Example Street markets are one of those places that are under the direct influence of such tourists due to direct interaction between tourists, traders, management of such places and other personnel, and social elements involved. They are considered as a source of major revenue generation for the residents of the city and also considered as tourists’ attraction by federal and local authorities. Due to their strategic importance for the cities, these markets undergo changes and developments (at the different pace and of different nature) whereas these changes are promulgated by traders, management of these street markets and local officials in response to purchasing trends of local and foreign customers. However, the research is mainly focused on responses of street markets to tourists visiting these places. The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of tourism on the street markets of London. For the purpose of this research, various street markets like Camden markets, Borough Market, Brick Lane Market and Portobello market have been selected as subjects of the research. Such selection has been made to include markets from different geographic locations. Also, most of these markets have the varied profile in terms of product portfolio, traders, management, history and culture which would be helpful in adding diversity to the research and enhancing generalization of its application on the larger population. It is important to note that street markets are considered as a reflection of local culture. Due to the rich history and their direct relation with local inhabitants, they not only act as a hub of socialization but also act as a source of preservation of local heritage. Furthermore, they also provide the sense of community to those working there and residing at the same place. Street markets also provide a feel of originality and an opportunity for external visitors for getting in touch with local norms and values.

A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor Essay Example for Free

A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery OConnor Essay The title A Good Man Is Hard to Find gives you the impression that someone is looking for a partner. When in reality, the title is actually explaining the moral of the story. Every character has their bad points, even the seemingly innocent children. From the Misfits, to the entire family, everyone was disrespectful and just plain rude. In some families it would be considered a mortal sin to be rude to elders. Unfortunately this family seems to get a kick out of being cruel to their poor grandmother. The Misfits are a different story entirely, because they know nothing better than cruelty. The Grandmother wasnt perfect herself, but she did have it a little rough. Starting things off the Grandmother was the most mistreated elder I have ever seen. Even despite the fact most of the stuff that came out of her mouth was false or an elaboration. She was an un-trusted old lady whose family couldnt wait to get rid of her. Someone whose words were constantly falling on deaf ears would get dramatic for attention, which is precisely what Grandmother did. This woman would stretch stories for her own benefit, which led to the familys untimely death. Constantly fighting for her way, she felt it necessary to hide the cat in a basket. This also explains lying about the secret panel, which was enough to amuse the children. If she didnt have clever ways to get her thoughts across, she would be completely ignored. The parents have been setting the wrong example for their children by disrespecting Grandmother. When the car flipped the Grandmother feared her sons hostility. She was immediately guilt ridden and made herself look as vulnerable as possible. Her family had every right to be upset with her and she knew it. The family, used to hearing her ridiculous stories and demands, has grown accustom to ignoring her. They make it obvious that shes not wanted in the family. Even the children are rude and disrespectful, obviously following the example of their parents. Her son glares at her for making pleasant conversation, and his wife doesnt allow her to listen to the music she chooses. Her own granddaughter was filled with contempt when she found out  that Grandmother had indeed survived the car wreck. So fits the title that A Good Man Is Hard to Find, you cant find one in this story. Now with the entire family burning holes on poor Grandmother with their eyes, you dont think it could get any worse for her. Here arrive the Misfits. This appears to be a homely bunch of rejects or rebels, knowing nothing more than raising hell. They ride up carrying their guns, making the family realize their predicament just got a whole lot worse. The Grandmother recognizes them at once and begins to beg for mercy. All the while, theyre killing her unloving family off one by one. The old lady is persistent and continues encouraging the Misfit to pray, and become a good man. They converse for a while, and he begins to explain why hes up to no good. He opens up to her, and she realizes he just doesnt know any better. Grandmother is obviously distraught but she keeps at him. There is finally a glimmer of hope in the mans face, he apparently wishes for a better life. When Grandmother reaches out to comfort him, to pull that good man out of him, BAM! He retaliates to her kindness with a wave of bullets. She would have been a good woman if it had been somebody there to shoot her every minute of her life. This man only knows how to kill kindness. He is simply stating what would have given them pleasure. The very next thing he says Its no real pleasure in life. This statement proves that he learned something from that old woman. He realizes what theyve been killing all along. So her death wasnt meaningless she finally got her point across to someone, someone finally listened to what she had to say, and was actually affected by it. So she died a happy woman, with a nice smile on her face, killed by her own kindness.

Getting Into College :: essays research papers

Getting Into College Life is like an enormous theatrical performance, each person having the leading role, ready to determine his/her destiny. For each event in your life, you can reflect upon a stimulus, a cause. Yet there are so many events, so many years, days, hours, seconds in one's life. Which is the one, that one moment in time which knowingly or unknowingly changed your life to lead you to be just that, you? For many, it is impossible to pinpoint that moment. Yet for others, that time, place, and situation sits implanted in their mind like a snapshot in time. Picture, if you will, a plump young boy of age ten. Never before had he, been exposed to life outside his fifth grade classroom and his immediate family. Timid and shy, he decided he had listened to his mother's continuous nagging for the last time. That weekend, he would do as she said and "just go" to see an audition for the community's production of the musical Oliver. He arrived on time, the hustle and bustle of signing in all very new to him. There was no way he would actually get up on stage and sing for that skinny man with the clear acrylic braces showing on his teeth who was seated at the piano. Yet, he had struck a deal with his mom to wait and observe, leaving at any time he felt he wanted to. Twenty minutes later, he watched his mother from a different perspective: just a dot in a sea of other mothers sitting in the audience. As he stood in that group of ten youngsters, his meager vocabulary could not describe the fear in his body. didn't know what a mark on his life the next few moments would make when he sang his heart out to the skinny man. How would he have known that that "man" would be known to him as , his music director for the next six years. Together, they would fine tune the natural talent buried in his vocal chords and dramatically build confidence. That fear once known to him on that stage would come no more. Nervous he was, but afraid he was not when he auditioned for The King and I a few months later. After landing a main role, he set his sights on the Seven Angels Theater in Waterbury and their production of Bright Lights, again another success. To everyone who knew him, it only seemed natural for him to continue. So why didn't he? Why, for three straight long years did he bury his talent for singing and acting?

Toyota Way

Asian Institute of Technology School of Management SM71. 42 Cross-cultural Management How does Toyota operate its philosophies between Japan and Thailand? [pic] Tutor: Prof. Dr. Marie-Therese Claes Group 1: †¢ Ms. Phung Viet Ha †¢ Ms. Nguyen Le Hang †¢ Mr. Vu Quang Linh †¢ Mr. Nguyen Van Ha †¢ Mr. Nguyen Trung Thuc Date: September 7, 2012 Executive summary In the 21 century, the world we inhabit is coming â€Å"flat† where many political, social economic and cultural barriers have been being discharged. The development of global organizations means that clients, suppliers and business may be located across a range of countries and regions.The number of interactions between people of different cultural backgrounds in the workplace is growing exponentially in companies of all sizes. Understanding cultural differences and developing cross-cultural communication and coordination have become important than ever before for organizations. These skills help or ganizations to work more effectively across cultural barriers. This paper examines the cross border coordination between Toyota and its subsidiaries in Thailand. In this paper we will have a brief research about the intercultural problems of Toyota.How Toyota deals with cross-border business coordination problem to become the global No. 1 automaker in general and Thailand’s bestseller automobile in particular is analyzed on basic information and cross-culture management. The empirical case of Toyota in Thailand is selected to for study and lessons learnt as Thailand is the first country in the oversea expansion of Toyota’s manufacturing and where Toyota experienced good practices in coordination mechanism between mother Corporation and its regional and local subsidiaries. 1. INTRODUCTION 1. Background on cross-cultural business coordinationCross-cultural business coordination aims at dealing with the  interaction  of people from different  backgrounds in the busi ness world. Cross culture is a vital issue in international business, as the success of international trade  depends upon the smooth interaction of employees from different cultures and regions. A growing number of companies are consequently devoting substantial resources toward training their employees to interact effectively with those of companies in other cultures in an effort to foment a positive cross-cultural experience.Nowadays, firms, especially those from developed countries, increasingly expand their business overseas in the attempt of seeking for the competitive advantages of the new resources. This results in the more complex structure of multi-national corporations. Transnational corporations see cross-cultural business coordination very important in order to have smooth operation and balance control between headquarters and its subsidiaries toward production efficiency improvement. In this connection, the differences in languages, values and other dimensions should be studied and based on that find the ways to harmonize those for better coordination.Cross culture can be experienced by an employee who is transferred to a location in another country. The employee must learn the language and culture of those around him. This can be more difficult if this person is acting in a managerial capacity;  someone in this position who  cannot effectively communicate with or understand  their employees' actions can lose their credibility. In an  ever-expanding  global economy, cross culture and  adaptability will continue to be important factors in the business world. 2. Toyota and its philosophies 1. About ToyotaToyota Motor Corporation was founded on August 28, 1937 by Sakichi Toyoda. After 70 years of manufacturing and developing, at the end of March 2012, Toyota conducts its business worldwide with 50 overseas manufacturing companies in 27 countries and regions. Toyota's vehicles are sold in more than 160 countries and regions. The Toyotaâ €™s capital reached 397. 05 billion yen with 325,905 employees all around the world. Toyota is known as the World’s N01 automaker with its regional headquarters in the North America (03 headquarters), Europe (01 headquarter) and Asia (03 headquarters).Thailand was the first country where Toyota Motor Corporation started to expand its business overseas. Toyota Motor Thailand (TMT) was established in 1962 with the capital of 11 million Baht. Toyota Motor Thailand grows continuously and reached the capital of 7,520 million Baht with 13,500 employees and production capacity of 550,000 units per year in 2009 (Toyota, 2009). TMT becomes one of the key contributors to Toyota worldwide, and Thailand’s number one automobile manufacturer. 2. Toyota’s Vision and PhilosophiesTo manage subsidiaries around the world to achieve the same Toyota quality, Toyota created a corporate philosophy that’s has been passed down from generation to generation within company, whi ch is called â€Å"Guiding Principle at Toyota†. Toyota Code of conduct and Toyota Way are tools implementing to assist Toyota realize their goals. Toyota Code of Conduct was issued in 1998 providing a basic, detail explanation and examples of actions and issues that one must be aware of when carrying out business activities in and living in global society.The code of conduct is dispersed among management of subsidiaries in Japan and overseas for developing common awareness. Besides Toyota Code of conduct, Toyota Way was established in 2001 to simplify the values and methods that employees have to carry out to undertake the guiding principle throughout company activities. Toyota Way is functioning as the key standard of global Toyota organization and it presents Toyota’s philosophy to focus on long-term benefit while developing vehicles that exceed customer expectations and contribute to community and to the future of mobility.The Toyota Way consists of continuous impr ovements and respect for people. The key concept of Toyota Way is actively working and creating new ideas for the best with ongoing process to improve their business, never satisfied where they are, respect all the stakeholders and working with be believe in success by personal effort and good teamwork (Toyota, 2007). One of the main elements in Toyota Way is mutual respect by promoting safety among employees and employees have to be trained both for daily operation and behavioral role.Toyota’s Global Visions look toward to following goals: ? To lead the way to the future of mobility, enriching lives around the world with the safest and most responsible ways of moving people. ? To exceed the expectation and be rewarded with a smile through their commitment to quality, constant innovation and respect for the planet. ? To meet their challenging goals by engaging the talent and passion of people who believe there is always better way. Toyota Production System (TPS) aims at pursi ng the most efficient methods for all aspects of production the method of production.Toyota considers the objective of â€Å"making the vehicles ordered by customers in the quickest and most efficient way, in order to deliver the vehicles as quickly as possible† as an issue of great importance. TPS was built based on following concepts to achieve the best quality of product while minimizing waste through defective detection: ? The first concept is â€Å"Jidoka†, which stands for automation. Toyota set up the mechanization and links it with computerization so the production system immediately stops working when a problem arises in the process to avoid defective products. The first concept is â€Å"Just-in-Time†, which enables the company to minimize level of inventory. 3. Intercultural problem in the business coordination between Toyota and its subsidiaries in Thailand Toyota has set up its global strategies and goals for all Toyota’s subsidiaries. ? To ma intain Toyota’s position as market leader in automotive industry; ? Continuous growth; ? Boost profitability and return for the shareholders. In the process spreading its philosophies, strategies and goals to the subsidiaries, Toyota encountered certain difficulties on cross-border coordination, which are arisen from cultural differences.The Japanese management style was called â€Å"group capitalism† by Alfred Chandler – a business historian. The style was described as emphasized group behavior and values interpersonal harmony. The manager and corporation are put together in a very culturally dependent system, which is considered as a constraint for many companies when they expanded globally. The management system did not function well because subsidiaries operate separately by substantial time and distance barriers (Christopher A. Bartlett and Sumantra Ghoshal, 1999).Different ways of thinking also were difficulties for the integration of non-Japanese into the management process. Japanese corporations often retained decision-making and control at the center, i. e. the management was conducted by those who understood the subtleties of the existing system (Christopher A. Bartlett and Sumantra Ghoshal, 1999). In case of Toyota and its subsidiaries in Thailand, Japanese managing officers of Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) served as the president of both Toyota Motor Asia Pacific Engineering and Manufacturing Co. Ltd (TMAP-EM) and Toyota Motor Thailand (TMT).Language and communication created barriers to the business coordination as people were speaking with different voices and sending out inconsistent messages. 2. DISCUSSION 1. Analysis of the intercultural problem The intercultural challenge faced by Toyota Motor Corporation in the cross-border coordination in Thailand originated in cultural differences. In general, from viewpoints of national level, putting Japan and Thailand in the value dimensions as in Hofstede’s Study, the ranki ngs received is shown in the table below (David C. Thomas p. 51-52) (David C. Thomas p. 51-52). Table 1. Cultural dimension rankings follow Hofstede’s Study Dimension |Japan |Thailand | |Power Distance |54 |64 | |Individualism |46 |20 | |Masculinity |95 |34 | |Uncertainty Avoidance |92 |64 | |Long-term orientation |80 |56 | Power distance Japan has lower power distance culture that Thailand does. Therefore, it is implied that in order to have smooth coordination from TMC to its subsidiaries in Thailand, Toyota should consider the followings: ? Give clear and explicit directions to Thai employees; ?Do not expect Thai subordinates to take initiative; ? Show deference to those with higher level through language, behavior, etc. ; ? Expect to encounter more bureaucracy behaviors. Individualism It is can be seen from Hofstede’s rankings that both Japan and Thailand has collectivist cultures. However, Thai is more collectivistic than Japanese. Therefore, some possible conside ration for Toyota in developing business with Thais is listed below: ? Promotions do not depend upon Thai employee’s performance and achievement, but seniority and experiences; ? Decision making may be a slow process as many individual across the system will need to be asked for advices; Praise should be addressed to a team rather than individuals. Masculinity In the research of Hofstede, Japan was the world’s most masculine country and Thailand was among the least one or most feminine culture. In the case that Toyota seeks for the sustainable manufacturing subsidiary development in Thailand, some notes should be taken into account such as: ? Personal questions are normal rather than assertive; ? Dealing with trust weights more than projected profit margins and other similar things; ? Thais openly show favoritism to close relations; ? Small talk at business functions will focus on Thai employees’ life and interest rather than just business. Uncertainty avoidance Japan has highly risk-averse culture, which can be seen through strict laws and regulations. Thailand has the uncertainty avoidance score just above medium, therefore much lower than that of Japan. Some attentions that Toyota should pay for developing its manufacturing in Thailand could be as follows: ? Try to be more flexible or open to new ideas; ? Allow Thai employees the autonomy and space to execute their task on their own; ? Recognized that Thai employees may take different approach to life and see their destiny; ? Agreed plans should be realized as soon as possible. Long-term orientation At the score of 80 Japan is considered as one of the long term oriented societies.This is reflected that Japanese see their life as a very short moment in a long history of mankind. In Japanese corporations, the possible observations are long term orientation in the constantly high rate of investment in R&D even in economically difficult times, higher own capital rate, priority to steady grow th of market share rather than to a quarterly profit, and so on. With a score of 56 Thailand is a mild term oriented culture. Amongst the values that are admired, working hard and having a sense of moderation are dominant for Thais. Timescales and deadline in Thailand are fluid. Therefore, Toyota should consider the followings in working with Thais: Reliability, responsiveness and empathy as very important element. ? Building up close relationships with Thai subsidiaries is of importance. ? Building relationship takes time. 2. Solutions for Toyota in Thailand There are some solutions were found out by Toyota to achieve the same objective and target among the subsidiaries all around the world, especially in Thailand – the first country where Toyota Motor Corporation started to expand its business overseas. 1. Global Production Center Toyota has established Global Production center (GPC) in 2003 as Toyota’s global human resource training center. Toyota operation comprise of 53 production sites in 27 countries around the world.In managing its operation, Toyota encounter a diversity of people therefore Toyota consider human resource development as an important mechanism in maintaining its global business. GPC is the place where employees are trained about the Toyota’s culture and values and make them understand the Toyota way and to provide the skills which are needed for employees to carry out the task. In the past, human development was carried out in Japan only. However, with rapid growth of Toyota’s overseas operations leads to the transition of GPC to the regional. Technical skills from Japanese trainers are spread to local trainers and from the local trainers to local employees and also to employees from the other countries in the region.The objective of the GPC is to inculcate employees that Toyota’s products should have the same quality regardless of which origin it as produced (Toyota Annual Report, 2008). GPC, human res ources development is implementing by developing supervisors and trainers in subsidiaries with assistance from headquarter. Another function of GPC is helping the subsidiary plants to prepare for redesign of production when newly developed model is launched so that the plant can efficiently switch over to produce them. Visual manual videos were studied and make used in GPC for representing the best demonstration. This practice takes advantages over the traditional manuals, by which only written words or still illustration are shown.Toyota can reduce time for staff training and avoid misunderstanding through the adaptation of visual manual videos. Within 5 years, 13000 employees both from Japan and abroad were trained by GPC and distribute knowledge they learn to their team members. The Asia Pacific Global Production Centre (AP-GPC) was established in Samutprakarn, Thailand in 2005 to serve as the regional training centre. AP-GPC provides trainings for TMT’s employees and also supporting to other Toyota’s Asian manufacturing affiliates. 2. Restructuring of organizational structure Toyota Motor Corporation spread out its organization around the world and set up regional headquarters in North America, Europe and Asia.In Asia, there are two headquarters in Singapore and Thailand that are responsible for different business entities. In the past, subsidiaries in each country had to report directly to headquarters in Japan. The restructuring to regional headquarters believes that it could allow subsidiaries to work more efficiently and regional headquarter assist to each country in the region in time. The close coordination between the regional headquarters can support each other through corporation in engineering, manufacturing and marketing. The regional headquarters also facilitate and response in time to customer’s demands throughout the region and provide flexible react to market changes.With the establishment of Asian regional headquarter i n Thailand; Toyota Motor Thailand became a main center to provide support for manufacturing and also research and development in Asia – Pacific region. 3. Thainization Toyota Motor Thailand launched the localization policy, which is called Thainization. Thainization was the philosophy that drives Toyota Motor Thailand before Toyota way was introduced. Thainization is to promote the local employees to take part in management level in 20 years (Amano, 2008). In the 1960, at the beginning of Toyota in Thailand, the management was carried on by Japanese and strictly followed the policies and guidelines set by its mother company Toyota Motor Corporation. Around 1980’s, very few Thai’s were positioned as managers but the final decisions were still made by Japanese expatriates.Since 1987, Toyota Motor Thailand decided to transform the organization from management only by Japanese to only by Thai, which is called Thainization. The Japanese expatriates were converted fro m managers to coordinators. In every department have some Japanese staffs work together with Thai staffs mainly in the coordinator role as an adviser for technical information and making connection network among Toyota group to help communication flow smoothly. At present, only the president, executive Vice president and Treasurer are Japanese and the other high-level management officers are Thais (http://www. toyota. co. th/en/about. php? Page= management).Thainization in Toyota Motor Thailand was implemented as the necessity to adopt of globalization in the world while considering localization (Imai, 2006). 4. Lateral communication Lateral communication is of importance because it is the way that all organizational units are connected throughout the system of resource exchange and organizational set of transnational corporation in different locations. Toyota Technical Center Asia Pacific –Thailand (TTCAP-TH), which was established serving as Research and Development unit fo r Asia Pacific region, can be seen as a network platform for exchange knowledge and skills between different functions and with counterpart in Japan to support local needs.This kind of lateral communications between business units through the collaboration between each geographically specialized division contributes to widespread of Toyota Way that focuses on sharing the same Toyota values and cultures. Another step toward the relocation of support division from Japan to Asian region is the setting up of TMAP Thailand, which represents the network platform providing production assistance to TMC’s affiliates in the region. 5. Informal communication Nohria and Ghoshal (1994, p. 494) asserted that extensive socialization and communication builds trust among the managers and creates foundation for reciprocity and easier negotiation and resolution of potential conflicts.Informal communication exits in Toyota organization so that it brings bout informal exchange idea between Toyota Japan and Toyota Thailand. In Thailand, TMT made use of job rotation of employee as a tool for developing people because of the consideration that working in the same job for long time could make people stick with the old habit and, therefore, reluctant to change. This practice has enhanced the informal communication and made information widely shared throughout in the organization. Employees and departments in rotation process accumulate working experiences and knowledge as well as share their own values for adapting to the same organization culture. 3. CONCLUSIONIn summary, Toyota has successfully applied many strategies in order to improve communication across border while keeping many existing core values. Also, due to the scale of the Toyota Company, there has been no particular method or formula that is best fit for achieving the existing success in Toyota. Toyota had to apply a few methods to efficiently achieve localization while remaining competitive in globalization. Firs tly, The Thai’s characteristics are different than the Japanese so the GPC was introduced to help Toyota’s employees to think in the same way – The Toyota way in term of values and cultures. Also it trained employees many certain skills to be capable of finishing given tasks.Secondly, In Thailand, the structural mechanism obviously takes part as the fundamental formation of the organizational structure. Toyota remarkably use of departmentalization as the structure to manage the business entity according to function and responsibility. The critical scrutinize regarding centralization or decentralization of decision making is become blurred since Toyota to some extent delegate the decision authority to its subsidiaries while the final exclusive decision remain at the headquarters. In addition, the formal written policies together with standard production system considerably utilize in Toyota subsidiaries so that its affiliates follow the same principle and maintai n the same Toyota standard.To achieve the same goal, planning in the form of the strategic planning, regional target goal as well as reward is used as guideline to accomplish the goal. To control the performance of the company, output control is one of the tools that Toyota use to motivate the performance of their employee as well as subsidiaries. However, the hierarchical or behavioral control is coexisting to ensure the employee act in order to fulfill the best performance. The optimum control is to mix between output and behavioral control so that the finest advantage is achieved. Thirdly, Toyota has introduced â€Å"Thainization† which allowed Thai people to get into managerial positions as the top position before was only for the Japanese sent from headquarter.Last but not least, the informal or subtle mechanisms are broadly promoted within the Toyota organization. The lateral or cross department communication visibly seen by the messy organization that employee have to communicate or coordinate with other departments or the same department in the region among functional and geographical line simultaneously to undertake the work. The establishment of regional headquarters in Thailand (TMAP-EM) is one of the cases that put forward lateral communication, as the network of exchange in the region required the lateral communication among the concern departments. Besides, the informal communication plays as vital mechanism in the organization.The present of Japanese as employees and also coordinators make possible the informal exchange of idea between Toyota Thailand and Japan that finally facilitate the subsidiaries action and decision in line with those of headquarters. In short, the achievement of Toyota when applied with all the methods, mechanism was very fruitful as Toyota Motor Thailand (TMT) operated more efficiently resulting in time and cost savings, better communication, better understanding in the organization and better employees involvement . So the most obvious example was that the second factory was opened in 1989. And this result showed that Toyota has successfully managed all the operation across border, retaining local flexibility and while achieving global integration.Moreover, with the rapid development of many other Multi-National Companies (MNCs) and trying to recruit more and more talents, Toyota has also exploited the local population in order to get a broader pool of talents (combining not only from Japanese and Thai in this case, but also from other nationalities). Furthermore, with the matrix of subsidiaries and one headquarter, Toyota tries to make the organization stable with core visions and beliefs from the Headquarter but also loot the host of new ideas from all around the globe as they need to keep up with the quickly-changing characteristic of technology with new ideas. With all the cross-cultural issues above, Toyota would have more experience and solution for future encounters. REFERENCES †¢ Bartlett, Christopher A. and Ghoshal, Sumantra (1999). Managing Across Borders: The Transnational Solution – Companies, Cultures and the Transformation to the Transnational. Book excerpt. Nohria, Nitin and Sumantra Ghoshal (1994). Differentiated Fit and Shared Values: Alternatives for Managing Headquarters-Subsidiary Relations. Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 15, No. 6 †¢ Thomas, David C. (2008) Cross-Cultural Management: Essential Concepts. Sage Publications. Chapter 3 †¢ Petison, Phallapa, (2010). Cross Cultural Relationship Marketing in the Thai Context: The Japanese Buyer’s Perspective. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, Vol. 1, No. 1, June, 2010 †¢ Friedman, Thomas L. (2005). The World is flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century †¢ Cutler, John. The cross -cultural communication trainer’s manual – Vol. : designing Cross-Cultural Training †¢ Toyota Motor Corporation profile from http://www. toy ota-global. com/company/profile †¢ Toyota Guiding Principles, Toyota Way, Toyota Code of Conduct, Toyota Global Vision and Toyota Production Centre from http://www. toyota-global. com/company/vision_philosophy/ †¢ Toyota Motor Thailand Management Team from http://www. toyota. co. th/en/about. php? Page=management †¢ Business coordination across borders within Toyota: a case study focusing the coordination between Japan and Toyota from http://mdh. diva-portal. org/smash/record. jsf? pid=diva2:224180 †¢ Toyota: A Transnational case study from http://www. ecclesbourne. derbyshire. sch. uk[pic]

Chapter1 Inventory System of G-Erb Construction Supply

Chapter 1 1. Introduction In just half a century man’s way of life has drastically changed from black and white to vivid colors, for simplicity to complexity, and from laborious tasks to an easy click of the mouse. All these were brought about by the advent of modern technology, specifically with the invention and advancement of computers. High technology such as computers and other mediums is now in demand. Man is concerned on how to consume time wisely. They learned to explore and discover something new and tried to solve questions that pump up in their mind. Most of the establishments and institutions are using computer programs for business transactions. It helps employees to work efficiently in more comfortable way. New application is being developed to solve society’s problem. In this connection, computerized inventory is needed for G-ERB Construction Supply. Manual operation of inventory would cost a lot of effort and time; however, through a computerized inventory system everything would be better. This research is trying to establish a computerized inventory system. 1. Background of the Study Companies use information as a weapon in the battle to increase productivity, delivery quality products and services, maintain customer loyalty, and make sound decisions. In a global economy with intense competition, information technology can mean the difference between success and failure. Information technology has revolutionized the phase of business around the world. It helped business in advertising and in customer services. Accessibility of files also has become an easy task with series of password keys and shared folders. Cash transactions are asily made. Many companies are using inventory systems for their success and growth. Inventory systems have a variety of functions purposes in business such as promoting the sales functions of inventory. Promoting the sale function deals with availability of sufficient products for the customer whereas shrinkage control function deals with monitoring the occurrence of damage less or theft, etc of the products. The G-ERB Construction Sup ply was established by Engineer Gregorio Valdez and managed by his wife Michelle O. Valdez. His main branch is located at Cuartero Highway, Jaro Iloilo City. The business started in December 2000 with 10 employees at main branch and 15 at the other branch making his business more successful. As we all know, technology is obviously of help by saving money, time and effort. The purpose of this study is to create a computerized inventory system for G-ERB Construction Supply. The research will develop a software application which could be able to meet the needs of the company when it comes to their inventory management. 2. Statement of the Problem . 2. 1 General Problem After thorough gathering of data through investigation, the group was able to determine the inventory system for G-ERB Construction Supply which needs to developed a better inventory management and eliminate or reduce risks of errors and fraud. This study will seek to answer what enhancement and design the construction supply can adopt for a more effective and efficient inventory system. 1. 2. 2 Specific Problem According to the information gathered, it has obviously identified the specific problems: a. Inaccurate inventory report This affects the stock control and recording and the reliability of records and supply management system. Also, error in recording and computation was encountered by the manager. b. Unsecured stocks information Manual inventory slip has and often been lost because it was only written in a piece of paper. It might be an unauthorized person can intrude and freely changed any possible information anytime they want. c. Unorganized stocks information Due to unorganized stocks information, the manager cannot keep up to date records of the stocks that may lead to over buying of unneeded stocks. . Objectives of the Study The study aims to give a solution to the existing problem in the current inventory system of G-ERB Construction Supply. 1. 3. 1 General Objectives of the Study After identifying the problems of G-ERB Construction Supply, our group was able to establish the objectives. The main goal of the study is to evaluate the current manual inventory system of G-ERB Construction Supply a nd come up with computerized inventory system for a better inventory management. 1. 3. 2 Specific Objectives of the Study a. Accurate inventory report Specifically, the aim of the study is to acquire a systematic flow of item inventory that will lead to accurate recording and reliability of records and supply management. It also aims to provide an easy and reliable access and storage of data for the present and future purposes. b. Secured stock information To create and implement a program that could store and manage a wide variety and amount of products that can be easily retrieved. To provide better security for the records that only authorized personnel could have access to it by creating a secured password and also to eliminate data redundancy. . Organized stock information To develop a monitoring inventory which could process inventory items that are not time consuming, in order for the owner to retrieve data more efficiently compared to their manual inventory. 4. Significance of the Study The main focus of the study is to create system software that will develop, enhance and improve the current inventory system of G-ERB Const ruction Supply. Give an organized and systematic flow in order to lessen time, effort, expenses through the use of computerized inventory system. Establishment. Adoption of the system enables the G-ERB Construction Supply to be more competitive and earn advantages than other businesses with the help of high technologies today. It also keep an accurate count of stocks. Management. Inventory system is an application used in monitoring and tracking sales on the store shelves. It reduces the storage of the product, and most importantly the competitive edge of having an efficient management of supply that reduces time and correct report of inventory levels, hereby, cause reduction in error. Overall, it helps to minimized the storage, labour and handling cost. It is easy to manage and record all the incoming and outgoing supplies and can generate report retrieve data faster, so that they can avoid losing and misplacing data. Personnel. The system helps the personnel to do the job easier without pressure and hassle in doing it â€Å"on the spot†, and the system helps to do their job better without much time and effort, lessening their stres s. Students. The students may gain valuable knowledge rom the study since they may be future managers and programmers of different companies. This may enhance the students capabilities and potentials in applying different principles and theories they learned inside the classroom. Researchers. The researchers may gain knowledge for future studies. Through the proposed system, they would be able to improve the system for a better use. 1. 5 Scope and Limitation This study was conducted to determine and monitor records for the stock on hand and supply that are being sold and also, to keep the records updated and accurate. This study was conducted at G-ERB Construction Supply last November 26, 2011 together with the manager Ms. Michelle O. Valdez and the members of the research team. It focuses only on the stocks inventory and keeping the records updated and accurate in order for the owner to be well informed about the situation of her business. This study was only limited because it does not cover the whole operations of their accounting and billing department. It does not include ordering and saving customer’s records. It is more focus on updating the records of stocks or the inventory of stocks. This system will not function without electricity.

A Personal Essay on Woodlands Essays

A Personal Essay on Woodlands Essays A Personal Essay on Woodlands Essay A Personal Essay on Woodlands Essay ‘untamed’ and even ‘wicked’ exactly because the work forces who dominated civilization and society could non get down to hold on the Black Marias, heads and organic structures of adult females, specifically the manner in which these physical and mental aspects all operate on an wholly different plane to the male of the species. The same was true of nature, woods and wildlife that still remain beyond the appreciation of our human consciousness, stand foring something dark, sinister and premonition. Like females, the wilderness was, and still remains, a domain of unreason, religion and lunacy – in resistance to the structured, ordered and sensuous universe that adult male himself had created on the exterior ; a universe of towns, of ropewaies, of trade and of commercialism. As Valerie Plumwood compactly observes in her ain contemplations on the historical nexus between females and the natural st ate ; â€Å"nature includes everything that ground excludes.† [ 1 ] The matrimony between females and nature does non stop at that place. Language has besides played an built-in portion in the preparation of the myth that adult female is a animal of the Earth who is unable to partake in and grok the metaphysical universe of work forces. For case, the lauded British Empire was a she. England was besides a she and the lands that she conquered became her. The ships that sailed to every corner of the planet in the name of the ‘mother country’ had to voyage the barbarous, sturdy seas – the cryptic secrets it held plumping the same deepnesss as the adult female at place and on land. Therefore, ‘she’ was lost. ‘Her’ lading was tossed overboard. On the continent, this sense of a male?inspired philosophical mutualism organizing between adult females and the natural state was farther exacerbated by the victory of gender?based verbs and nouns that are still really much in being today. Via linguistic communication, a dult female is accordingly made to continually play the portion of nature, of the Earth and of a generative being that is entirely dependent upon the masculine in order to last. The construct of the organic structure politic is, of class, non new and neither is its association to the wilderness. The ancient Greeks, for illustration, constructed their full civilization upon the ideal that the metropolis, the citizen, the universe and the Earth were all guided by the same rules, viz. the desire to populate and work in harmony side by side. Venturing into the wood, even in the modern twenty-four hours, can therefore take me back beyond the parturiencies of nature and adult females in the geographical history of which I know into a wholly different infinite and clip, manufactured upon entirely different ideals. Here, adult females and nature are non doomed to be suppressed and cut down to size by a male?dominated urban substructure but are alternatively deemed to be built-in constituents of the cloth of life. Both adult female and the wilderness accordingly become at one time religious and powerful ; the gum that holds a heathen society together as opposed to th e darkness that threatens to destruct the cloth of life in a mistily spiritual society where God is, and ever has been, a adult male. Viewed through this prism, the wood shows us a clip when nature was non our enemy and our ‘natural’ inherent aptitudes, be they sexual or otherwise, were considered to be wholly normal and non a mark of evil and/or immorality. It is vastly hard to try to fall in these two disparate togss together. On the one manus, the forest and its of all time diminishing graduated table is a symbol for the subjection of adult females and the wilderness in our yesteryear, from the renewal of the ‘New Forest’ in the South of England by the Normans to the oncoming of the Industrial Revolution at the terminal of the 18th century. On the other manus, the forest, nature and wildlife make me remember the life style of peoples who came before this clip – those people born in the epoch before the coming of Christ when the wilderness was seen as a religious being that was the purveyor of life on Earth. Womans similarly were non subjugated as they have been in the past two millenary. They were alternatively interwoven into the tapestry of this wilderness and accordingly interpreted as critical constituents of an ancient society that was, and remains, wholly divorced in every regard from our ain. What has change d? When precisely was the point that the association between adult females and the wilderness was transformed from a positive into a negative phenomenon? The reply resides in our working life, in the transmutation of labor from an former agricultural interest into the production of material wealth. At that minute, the wilderness ceased being portion of our corporate being and became alternatively an enemy of a civilization that defined itself and its people on work and big graduated table production. As Donna Jean Haraway declares ; â€Å"all we touch and hence know, including our organic and our societal organic structures, is made possible for us through labour.† [ 2 ] And that is, I find out, the point of this exercising: the significance behind my go oning jaunt into forests and into a universe where I am defined neither by gender, nor by my business ; a universe where I am defined merely by myself and how I interpret my milieus. Here I enter a civilization that is based non on patriarchates but alternatively upon parochialism and it provides me in an blink of an eye with all I could of all time truly necessitate. A watercourse intersecting Fieldss. Trees incorporating within them the birds that constitute the natural vocal of the forests. A birds-eye position of a woody hayfield. When I think about, what else is at that place for adult male to appreciate? These views are every bit much as any adult male can to the full appreciate. These sorts of esthesis can merely be attained through contact with nature and set uping a duologue with the wood. They can non be simulated by computing machines and no digital picture taking on Earth could perchance fax the aesthetic beauty of the forests at their most serene. Take off from the political orientation of modern-day society and removed from the race to roll up capital and wealth, it is therefore easy to understand merely how simple life is meant to be. And it is easy to understand how it is adult male, non nature that has contributed to the dearth of natural experiences that most people indulge in throughout the continuance of their lives. I therefore experience both happy and sad. Happy that I am able to perforate the facade of success that has been so carefully constructed for us, yet likewise sad that so many over?worked, oppressed people are non able to bask the beauty that I describe. Sad that these wretched people are non even cognizant of the glorification of the forests and the woods on their doorsills. Sadder still in the cognition that I excessively must resign the forest really shortly and return to my urban being ; to the things that define me and do me who I am ( harm onizing to cultural consensus, at least ) . It gets me to believing. Make I truly have to go forth the wood at all? Could I non unrecorded amongst the wilderness and therefore travel against the dominant tendencies of society? I surely wouldn’t be the first to seek. Countless work forces and adult females have taken the determination before me to retire their psyches from the animal overload of the modern-day epoch and to vanish into the wild. Great work forces and adult females, and non so great work forces and adult females likewise. Work force like John Stewart Collis who opted out of the industrial depredations of the Second World War and lived a close hermit’s being alternatively on a distant farm in Dorset. The experience led Collis to declare, over clip, that the worm has forgiven the Big Dipper. The inquiry I am forced to inquire myself, nevertheless, is – can I convey myself to forgive the Big Dipper that has trampled over my life? The computing machine screen that I stare at five yearss a hebdoma d. The desk that I sit at and inquire off my clip dreaming of a more fulfilling being. In the wood, I can non reply. Simply because it does non count. To busy oneself with such ideas whilst immersed in the joys of nature and the admiration of the forests is to wholly lose the point: I am here to get away and to indulge ; non to hum and to repent. And so I suspend such ideas for every bit long as I remain within the soft underbelly of the wood. Merely as I begin to resign the forests do I allow my head to one time once more chew over upon the separate universes that exist side by side: the impermanent kingdom of the universe that adult male has made on the exterior and the lasting domain of the universe that adult male has forgotten on the interior of nature’s ain ‘iron curtain’ . As I leave the wood, I follow the footfalls that I myself have left. It is my manner back out. It is my usher. My vision. The lone manner I know how. I edge nigher to the glade that telegraphs my propinquity to the exterior. I can hear the autos now. I can see the fume wallowing out from the fabric works. I can feel my family with society burgeoning. And so, as I reach the really fringe of the forest, I see how it occurs. How we enable history to go on to reiterate itself and how we neer seem to larn from the errors of our ascenda nts in the yesteryear. It is because we continue to follow the well?worn way of earlier. If merely we can take a different path out of the forest we might one twenty-four hours make a point of harmoniousness with nature and with each other, and in the same breathe leave hatred, bigamy and devastation behind. The lucidity I feel makes me remember the dateless beauty of Henry David Thoreau’s composing when, in 1845, he turned his dorsum on society, political relations and economic sciences and retired into the purdah of the Massachusetts wilderness. Inspired no uncertainty by the brutality of the North American slave trade that was in trend at the clip, Thoreau offers a perfect decision to my ain contemplations on the go oning subjection of adult females, the wilderness and a myriad of other minorities in modern societies all over the universe by raising the transeunt nature of bias in comparing to the lasting power of the wilderness. â€Å"They candidly think there is no pick left. But watchful and healthy natures retrieve that the Sun rose clear. It is neer excessively late to give up our biass. No manner of thought or making, nevertheless ancient, can be trusted without cogent evidence. What every organic structure echoes or in silence base on ballss by as true today may turn out to be falsehood tomorrow, mere fume of sentiment, which some had trusted for a cloud that would scatter fertilizing rain on their fields.† [ 3 ] Bibliography Collis, J.S. ( 2001 )The Worm Forgives the PloughLondon: House of Stratus Cordell, A. ( 1998 )The Rape of the Fair CountryAbergavenney: Blorenge Books Haraway, D.J. ( 1991 )Simians, Cyborgs and Women: The Reinvention of NatureLondon: LBC Information Services Plumwood, V. ( 1993 )Feminism and the Mastery of NatureLondon: Routledge Thoreau, H.D. ( 2001 )Walden: Or, Life in the ForestsOxford: Oxford University Press

Your Discussion Section 4 Things to Remember - Proofed

Your Discussion Section 4 Things to Remember - Proofed Your Discussion Section: 4 Things to Remember When writing a master’s thesis or PhD dissertation, it’s easy to lose track of what you’ve done. This is why it’s important to plan your paper properly. Referring back to what you’ve already done is especially vital when discussing the results of your research, as it isn’t enough to simply describe your data. You also need to relate your results back to your original hypothesis and your literature review, which will help clarify the significance of your work. At Proofed, we’ve noticed that many overlook their literature review in the discussion section. But since this can seriously affect the clarity of your work, we’ve compiled the following list of four things to remember when discussing the results of your research. 1. Use Your Literature Review to Contextualize Your Work The main purpose of a literature review is to contextualize your work as part of an existing debate. Don’t forget this when it comes to discussing your results, as the overall significance of your research will depend on how you have engaged with past research. 2. Compare Your Results with Existing Studies Do your results agree or conflict with the past studies you’ve examined? If there’s a difference, why might this be? Comparing your results with past studies is a great way to connect your research with the existing debate. It can also provide the basis for the conclusions you draw from your results. 3. Understand the Limitations of Your Work The discussion section of your paper should include some acknowledgement of the limitations of your study (e.g., in terms of scope or the methods used). If you have critically analyzed similar studies in your literature review, you can compare your work against their strengths/weaknesses. 4. Don’t Be Afraid to Tweak Your Literature Review The focus of your research may change over time when working on a long-term project. This is normal. The key thing is to adjust the focus of your literature review to reflect these changes. When discussing your results, for example, if you notice certain themes or trends are more prominent than others, it’s often helpful to revisit your literature review to emphasize these same themes/trends there too. If you follow this advice you should find it much easier to communicate your ideas clearly when writing up your dissertation/thesis. But to make completely sure your writing is up to scratch before submission, it’s a good idea to have one of the experts at Proofed check your work. Try sending a 500-word sample to be proofread for free today.

Performance Improvement Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Performance Improvement Program - Essay Example (Coutts and Schneider) Emery and Giauque also found that non-monetary forms of remuneration, such as the organization of working hours, improvements in equipment and work resources and the development of skills, are appreciated by employees. In some of the instances the inefficiencies in employee performance may be the result of an inconsistent behavior of the people representing the management. A number of behavioral issues may be responsible for this state of affairs. There is an absolute necessity of diagnosing the performance management problems to identify the causes for the inconsistencies in the behavior of the management towards subordinates. Such an examination becomes vitally important in the case of a service organization such as a consulting company, since the revenues of the organization depend entirely on the performance of the individuals working with the organization. The analysis of the performance management problem will lead to the implementation of a proper Perfor mance Improvement Plan. The purpose of such a plan is to identify weaknesses and strengths as well as opportunities for improvement and skill development of the individual employees. This report examines the performance management problems being faced by International Assignment Services PricewaterhouseCoopers, Hong Kong Limited, a multinational consulting organization, due to lack of an effective system of performance improvement plan and feedback in the company and also to suggest a suitable Performance Improvement Plan for the organization to improve the performance of the organization. International Assignment Services - A Background PricewaterhouseCoopers Hong Kong Limited is an international consulting organization with a number of professionals working with the organization at various levels. The company has an 'International Assignment Services (IAS) department providing consulting services to different types of clients in Hong Kong and China. The structure of the department consists of professionals working in different hierarchical levels such as Partners, Senior Managers, Managers, Senior Consultants and Associates. The individual job responsibilities and hierarchical position of people at these levels is provided below. This presentation assumes importance to understand the intricacy of the performance management problem in the organization. Partners The highest level within the department, who set objectives and gives direction to the team, have at least 10 years of experience in the fields, with strong relationship with commercial clients and officials in the China and HK tax bureau. Senior Managers Have years of experience in IAS, have a strong client base, work closely with Partners in setting team objectives and most of the tax compliance and consultation work will be delegated to Senior Consultants. Other than client work, Senior Managers will have other internal roles in the department, e.g., Head of the Coaching team, System improvement/ developer, Career Counselor, etc. Managers Less experience than Senior Managers, fewer clients than Senior Managers, so for most of the time, Managers will be out to seek for new clients, for example holding tax seminars